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Sleep Apnea & CPAP Glossary: Key Terms Patients Need to Know

Your sleep test results are back, and you’ve learned that you have sleep apnea and may need CPAP. Understanding these terms is essential for your treatment journey.

It's normal to feel a bit daunted by the medical terms associated with sleep apnea and CPAP. But don't fret, we're here to make it all clear.

If you're new to this or need a refresher, this glossary of key terms will help you understand your diagnosis and the equipment involved. We've simplified the language to make it accessible to everyone.

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

A

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A

Apnea-Hypopnea Episode

An episode that includes either an apnea (a complete cessation of breathing for at least 10 seconds) or a hypopnea (a significant reduction in breathing, usually a 30% or more decrease in airflow for at least 10 seconds). These episodes are used to calculate the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI).

B

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B

Backup Battery

A power source that can be used with a CPAP machine in case of a power outage. It ensures that the CPAP therapy can continue uninterrupted, providing peace of mind, especially for those who travel or live in areas with unreliable power supply.

C

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C

CPAP Filter

Filters are an important part of the CPAP machine. They help to remove dust, pollen, and other particles from the air being delivered to the user. There are different types of filters, such as disposable and reusable ones, and they need to be replaced or cleaned regularly to maintain the efficiency of the CPAP machine.

D

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D

Data Recording

Many modern CPAP machines have the ability to record data such as usage time, pressure levels, and the number of apnea or hypopnea events. This data can be downloaded and analyzed by a healthcare provider to assess the effectiveness of the treatment and make any necessary adjustments.

E

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E

Elbow Connector

A small, curved piece that connects the CPAP tubing to the mask. It allows for a more comfortable and flexible connection, reducing stress on the tubing and mask and helping to prevent leaks.

F

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F

Fixed Pressure CPAP

This is the traditional type of CPAP where the air pressure is set at a constant level throughout the night. It is effective for many patients with obstructive sleep apnea, but some may require more advanced types of CPAP therapy depending on their specific condition.

G

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G

Germicidal Chamber

Some CPAP humidifiers or cleaning devices may have a germicidal chamber. This chamber uses ultraviolet light or other methods to kill bacteria and germs, helping to keep the CPAP equipment clean and reducing the risk of infections.

H

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H

Heated Tube

A CPAP tubing that has a heating element. It is used to prevent condensation (rainout) from forming inside the tube. Heated tubes are especially useful in colder environments or for those who experience a lot of moisture buildup in their CPAP tubing.

I

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I

Inspiratory Flow Rate

The rate at which air is drawn into the lungs during inspiration while using a CPAP machine. Monitoring the inspiratory flow rate can help in adjusting the CPAP settings to optimize the therapy for the individual patient.

J

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J

Jaw Positioner

A device that can be used in some cases of sleep apnea. It helps to keep the jaw in a forward position, which can help to open the airway and reduce the occurrence of apneas, especially in cases where the airway obstruction is related to the position of the jaw.

K

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K

There are no relevant terms starting with K in this context.

L

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L

Leak Rate Indicator

Many CPAP machines have a feature that can detect and display the leak rate. If the leak rate is too high, it can affect the effectiveness of the therapy, and the user may need to adjust the mask or check for any issues with the equipment.

M

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M

Mask Cushion Seal

The seal formed by the mask cushion against the face. A proper seal is crucial for the CPAP machine to deliver the correct air pressure. If the seal is broken, air leaks can occur, and the therapy may not be as effective.

N

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N

Noise Level

The amount of sound produced by the CPAP machine. A lower noise level is generally preferred as it can help the user and their sleeping partner to have a more restful sleep. Modern CPAP machines are designed to have relatively quiet operation.

O

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O

Oral Appliance

An alternative treatment option for some mild cases of sleep apnea. Oral appliances are custom-made devices that fit over the teeth and help to adjust the position of the jaw or tongue to keep the airway open. They are not as effective as CPAP for severe cases but can be a viable option for certain patients.

P

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P

Pressure Relief Feature

Some CPAP machines have a pressure relief function that allows for a slight reduction in pressure during exhalation. This can make it more comfortable for the user to breathe out against the pressure, improving overall compliance with the therapy.

Q

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Q

There are no relevant terms starting with Q in this context.

R

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R

Residual Apnea Events

After starting CPAP therapy, the remaining number of apnea events that still occur. If the residual apnea events are too high, it may indicate that the CPAP settings need to be adjusted or that there is an underlying issue that needs further investigation.

S

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S

Silent CPAP Machine

A type of CPAP machine that is specifically designed to operate with minimal noise. These machines are popular among users who are sensitive to noise or have a sleeping partner who is easily disturbed.

T

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T

Tubing Length

The length of the tubing that connects the CPAP machine to the mask. Different tubing lengths are available, and the choice may depend on factors such as the user's sleeping position and the distance between the machine and the bed.

U

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U

Ultra-Compact CPAP

A smaller and more portable version of the CPAP machine. Ideal for travelers or those who need a more discreet option for their CPAP therapy. Despite its smaller size, it still provides the necessary air pressure for effective treatment.

V

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V

Ventilation Mode

The specific way in which the CPAP machine delivers air. Different ventilation modes may be available, such as CPAP, APAP, BiPAP, etc., and the choice of mode depends on the patient's diagnosis and individual needs.

W

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W

Wake-up Time

The time in the morning when the user stops using the CPAP machine. Some CPAP machines can record this information, which can be useful in understanding the user's sleep patterns and overall compliance with the therapy.

X

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X

There are no relevant terms starting with X in this context.

Y

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Y

There are no relevant terms starting with Y in this context.

Z

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Z

Zero Leak Mask

A mask that is designed to have minimal or no air leaks. Achieving a zero leak is difficult in practice, but masks with better leak prevention features can significantly improve the effectiveness of CPAP therapy.

If you think we've missed any important terms or if you have any questions about the ones listed, please let us know  here;

We want to ensure you have a comprehensive understanding of CPAP apnea and related equipment.